Multithreading and concurrency are fundamental Java concepts that enable optimal use of system resources and improved performance in multi-tasking programs. To know more about Devops, join FITA Academy‘s Java Training in Chennai, which will provide you with a diverse skill set and the best Placement Training. This blog will Exploring Multithreading and concurrency in Java.
What is Multithreading?
Multithreading is a technique for maximizing CPU efficiency by allowing the concurrent (simultaneous) execution of two or more sections of a program. As an example, multithreading enables you to create code in one program while listening to music in another. Processes and threads comprise programs. You can conceive about it this way:
- A program is a file that can be executed, such as chrome.exe.
- A process is an instance of a program that is running. When you double-click the Google Chrome on your computer, a procedure is launched that launches the Google Chrome software.
- A thread is a process’s smallest executable unit. A process may have several threads, each with its own main thread. In the example, one thread could be displaying the current tab, while another thread could be another tab.
Why use Multithreading?
With the emergence of multiple cores, multithreading has become incredibly crucial in terms of your application’s efficiency. Your application would have to shift back and forth between threads and cores to give the appearance of multitasking.
With many cores, your application may use the underlying hardware to run separate threads through a dedicated core, making it more responsive and efficient. Multithreading basically allows you to take full advantage of your CPU and numerous cores, so you don’t have idle cores with untapped processing capability.
Developers should make use of multithreading for a few reasons:
- Increased throughput
- Applications that provide the appearance of multitasking.
- Resource consumption that is efficient. Thread generation is far lighter than starting a new process, therefore web servers that use threads instead of generating new processes while fielding web requests consume significantly fewer resources.
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What is Concurrency?
Concurrency is the ability of your program to deal (not do) with several tasks at the same time, which is accomplished by multithreading. Parallelism, which involves performing many things at once, should not be confused with concurrency.
Context Switching
Context switching is a multitasking approach in which CPU time is divided across all executing programs.
Thread Pools
Thread pools enable task submission and execution to be separated. You can expose an executor’s configuration while deploying an application or smoothly move from one executor to another.
A thread pool is an array of worker threads that are all allocated to the same task. After completing a task, a worker thread is returned to the pool. Thread pools are typically linked to a queue from which jobs are dequeued for execution by worker threads.
Locking
Locks are a critical element that enables multithreading. Locks are a synchronization method used to limit access to a resource in an environment with many execution threads. A mutex is a nice example of a lock.
Mutex
Mutex as the name hints implies mutual exclusion. A mutex is used to guard shared data such as a linked-list, an array or any simple primitive type. A mutex allows only a single thread to access a resource.
Thread Safety
Thread safety refers to the ability of several threads to use the same resources without revealing erroneous behavior or creating unpredictable effects such as a race scenario or deadlock. Various synchronization approaches can be used to achieve thread safety.
Finally, you enjoyed this blog and now understand everything about Java, including Multithreading and concurrency in Java.
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